Your Essential Cat Care FAQ

Welcome to the Cat Lovers Junction Cat FAQ, your comprehensive guide to the most common cat questions about cat care, nutrition, behavior, health, grooming, litter boxes, kittens, and senior cats.
Whether you’re a new cat owner or an experienced cat parent, this page delivers clear, vet-informed answers backed by trusted animal-care sources.
Explore quick explanations on why cats behave the way they do, what to feed your cat, how often your cat should see the vet, how to solve litter box problems, and how to keep your cat happy, healthy, and stress-free. Use this FAQ to get reliable, real-world cat advice in one place.

Answers to the Most Common Cat Questions

This cat care FAQ answers the questions cat owners search for most about cat health, behavior, nutrition, and everyday care.
You’ll find clear, easy-to-understand answers about what to feed your cat, litter box problems, common cat behavior issues, grooming tips, enrichment and boredom prevention, kitten care, senior cat health, and keeping cats safe at home.
All answers are guided by information from trusted veterinary organizations and real-world cat care experience.

1. General Care
   

How long do cats live, and what helps them live longer?
Many indoor cats now live well into their mid- to late teens, and it’s no longer unusual for a healthy cat
to reach 18–20 years of age. Longevity is influenced by genetics, but daily care and environment make a huge
difference. Indoor-only cats are typically safer from traffic, predators, infectious disease, and harsh weather,
which all contribute to longer life expectancy compared with outdoor-only cats.

Preventive veterinary care is one of the biggest “life-extenders.” Regular checkups allow your vet to detect
problems such as kidney disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, dental disease, and arthritis long before they are
obvious at home. Early treatment often slows progression and improves quality of life. Feline life-stage
guidelines from major veterinary associations recommend tailoring care and screening tests to your cat’s age,
lifestyle, and risk factors.

Daily habits at home matter, too. Maintaining an ideal body condition, feeding a high-quality complete-and-balanced
diet, supporting hydration (especially in older cats), keeping litter boxes clean, and providing environmental
enrichment (scratching posts, vertical space, and interactive play) all reduce stress and help prevent both medical
and behavioral problems over time.

Finally, keeping your cat indoors or supervised outdoors (such as on a harness or in a catio) helps protect not only
your cat but also local wildlife. If your cat does go outside, talk with your veterinarian about parasite prevention,
vaccines, and microchipping so you have layers of safety in place.

References:
Cornell Feline Health Center – Loving Care for Older Cats

VCA – Preventive Health Care Guidelines for Cats

How often should my cat see the vet?

How often your cat should see the vet depends on their life stage and health status. Kittens usually need a series of
visits starting around 6–8 weeks of age and continuing every 3–4 weeks until their vaccine series is complete. These
visits cover physical exams, vaccines, deworming, and early discussions about diet, litter training, and behavior.

Healthy adult cats (roughly 1–10 years old) should have a wellness exam at least once a year. At these visits, your
vet will perform a full physical exam, review your cat’s weight, body condition, diet, behavior, parasite prevention,
and vaccinations. Many clinics also recommend screening bloodwork and urine tests periodically, especially after age
7, to catch hidden issues such as kidney or thyroid disease even if your cat looks fine at home.

Senior and geriatric cats (often 11+ years) benefit from checkups every six months. Cats are masters at hiding pain and
illness; subtle changes like drinking more, using the litter box differently, or losing muscle may indicate significant
disease. Semiannual visits allow your vet to adjust pain control, diet, and home accommodations to keep your older cat
comfortable for as long as possible.

Tip:
Keep a small notebook or notes app for your cat. Track appetite, water intake, litter box patterns,
weight changes, and activity level. Bringing this to your vet visits can reveal trends you might otherwise miss.

References:
VCA – Wellness Examination in Cats

VCA – Wellness Testing for Senior Cats


Diet & Nutrition - What should I feed my cat?

Cats are obligate carnivores, which means their bodies are designed to get essential nutrients—like certain amino acids
(taurine, arginine), fatty acids, and vitamins—from animal-based proteins. The easiest way to meet these needs is to
choose a commercial cat food that is labeled as “complete and balanced” according to AAFCO or FEDIAF standards for
your cat’s specific life stage (kitten, adult, or senior).

For most healthy cats, a high-quality commercial wet, dry, or mixed diet is appropriate. Homemade diets, raw diets, or
heavily supplemented diets should only be fed under guidance from a veterinarian or board-certified veterinary
nutritionist, because even small nutrient imbalances can cause problems over time.

If your cat has medical issues—such as kidney disease, urinary crystals, food allergies, or gastrointestinal disease—
your vet might recommend a therapeutic diet. These diets are formulated to support specific health conditions and
often make a big difference in how your cat feels day to day.

References:
Cornell Feline Health Center – Feeding Your Cat

VCA – Feeding Your Cat Well: An Overview

Wet vs. Dry Food - Which is Better?

Both wet and dry foods can be healthy choices for cats, and many owners successfully feed a combination of the two.
Wet food contains much higher moisture (often 70–80%), which supports hydration and may benefit cats prone to urinary
issues or constipation. Many older cats or those with dental discomfort also find wet food easier to eat.

Dry food is more calorie-dense and convenient to store and measure. It can work well for cats who prefer grazing, or
for use in puzzle feeders and food-dispensing toys that encourage activity. The key is controlling portions; it’s easy
to overfeed dry food, which can lead to weight gain.

The “best” choice is the one that meets your cat’s nutritional needs, fits your budget, and works for their health and
preferences. Some cats thrive on mostly wet food with a small amount of dry for grazing, while others do well on a
carefully portioned dry diet plus plenty of fresh water and regular vet monitoring.

References:
Cornell – Feeding Your Cat

VCA – Nutrition: Feeding Guidelines for Cats

How much should I feed my Cat?

Feeding amounts depend on your cat’s age, body condition, activity level, and the calorie density of the specific food.
Start by checking the feeding guide on the bag or can, but treat it as a starting point, not a fixed rule. Your vet can
help you calculate daily calorie needs based on your cat’s ideal weight.

– Kittens: Need frequent, high-calorie meals to support growth—often three to four small meals per day
until roughly 6 months of age. Use kitten-formulated food with appropriate DHA and other nutrients.

– Adult cats: Many do well on two measured meals per day, or timed feedings spread out using puzzle
feeders. Monitor weight and body condition every few weeks. You should feel ribs easily but not see them prominently.

– Senior cats: Older cats can lose muscle and may need calorie adjustments or more palatable, higher
moisture diets. Routine weigh-ins (at home or at the clinic) help detect early changes.

Free-feeding (leaving food out all day) can work for a small number of naturally lean cats, but for most it
leads to gradual weight gain. Measuring food with a proper gram scale or measuring cup, keeping a simple log,
and doing regular weigh-ins helps prevent obesity—one of the most common and preventable health issues in indoor
cats.

References:
Cornell – How Often Should You Feed Your Cat?

VCA – Feeding Times and Frequency for Your Cat

3. Behavior & Enrichment: Why does my cat knead or head-butt?
   
   Kneading (often called “making biscuits”) is a natural behavior that begins in kittenhood. Nursing kittens knead their
   mother’s belly to help stimulate milk flow. Many cats carry this soothing behavior into adulthood, kneading soft
   surfaces—or even their favorite humans—when they feel relaxed, content, or sleepy.

Head-butting or “head bunting” is another normal behavior. Cats have scent glands on their cheeks, forehead, and chin.
When your cat gently bumps you with their head or rubs along your face, they’re depositing pheromones that mark you as
familiar and safe. It’s essentially a scented “you’re part of my family now” message.

In most cases, these behaviors are signs of comfort and affection. However, sudden changes—such as a normally cuddly
cat stopping all contact—can also signal pain or illness. If your cat’s behavior shifts noticeably, especially along
with changes in appetite or litter box habits, schedule a vet exam.

References:

PetMD – Why Does My Cat Headbutt Me?

How much playtime do cats need?

Most healthy adult cats benefit from at least two to three focused play sessions per day, each lasting about
5–10 minutes. Instead of marathon play once a day, think in terms of short “hunting cycles” that mimic how cats would
naturally stalk, pounce, and rest in the wild.

Use interactive toys—like wand toys with feathers, crinkly lures, or toys that move unpredictably—to tap into your
cat’s prey drive. Allow your cat to catch the toy periodically so they don’t become frustrated. Finishing play with a
small meal or treat can complete the hunt–catch–eat–groom–sleep sequence that feels deeply satisfying to cats.

Mental enrichment is just as important as physical exercise. Food puzzles, treat balls, and interactive cat toys can
turn mealtime into a brain game. Vertical space, window perches, and rotating toys help prevent boredom and reduce the
risk of behavior problems related to frustration or lack of stimulation.

Tip:
Senior cats and cats with arthritis still need play; just adjust intensity and use gentler,
slower toys. Shorter, more frequent sessions work better than high-impact jumping.

References:
VCA – Cat Behavior and Training: Play and Play Toys

4. Litter & Housing: Why is my cat missing the litter box?
   
   Inappropriate urination or defecation is one of the most common reasons cats are taken to shelters—and one of the most
   fixable problems when approached systematically. The first step is always a veterinary exam. Painful urination,
   urinary tract infections, bladder stones, kidney disease, diabetes, and arthritis can all cause a previously tidy cat
   to avoid the box. Some urinary conditions, such as feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) or urethral obstruction
   in male cats, are emergencies that require immediate veterinary care.

Once medical causes are ruled out or treated, look closely at the litter box setup. Most behavior specialists recommend
providing one box per cat plus one extra (for example, three boxes for two cats), placed in quiet, low-traffic areas of
the home. Boxes should be large enough for your cat to turn around comfortably—many standard boxes are too small for
adult cats, so under-bed storage bins or large, uncovered boxes often work better.

Many cats prefer unscented, clumping litter and boxes that are scooped at least once daily and fully washed with
unscented soap periodically. Scented litters and box liners can be off-putting, especially for sensitive cats. Covered
boxes may trap odors and make some cats feel trapped or unsafe.

Stress and household changes—new pets, new baby, renovations, or even rearranged furniture—can also lead to litter box
problems. Providing multiple safe, quiet resources, using pheromone diffusers, and ensuring each cat has vertical space
and hiding spots can help.

References:
VCA – Cat Behavior Problems: House Soiling

5. Health & Safety: What vaccines do cats need?
   
   Vaccines are grouped into “core” and “non-core” categories. Core vaccines are recommended for virtually all cats,
   while non-core vaccines are recommended based on lifestyle and risk. Your veterinarian builds a schedule that fits your
   cat, but it’s helpful to know the basics.

Common core vaccines for cats include:
– Rabies: Required by law in many regions and critical for both human and animal health.
– FVRCP: A combination vaccine against feline viral rhinotracheitis (herpesvirus), calicivirus,
and panleukopenia. These diseases can be severe or fatal, especially in kittens.

A frequently recommended non-core vaccine is:
– FeLV (feline leukemia virus): Strongly recommended for kittens and for cats that go outdoors or
live with FeLV-positive cats. Indoor-only adult cats with no exposure risk may not need ongoing FeLV vaccination.

Your vet will tailor vaccine frequency based on age, health, and exposure risk. Many adult cats receive core vaccine
boosters every 1–3 years, following current guidelines.

References:
VCA – Vaccines for Cats

VCA – Preventive Health Care Guidelines for Cats

Are there toxic household items for cats?

Yes, many everyday items can be dangerous for cats. Among plants, true lilies (such as Easter,
tiger, Asiatic, and daylilies) are infamous—ingestion of even a small amount of pollen or water from a vase can cause
sudden kidney failure in cats. Because lilies are so dangerous, many veterinarians recommend that cat households avoid
them entirely.

Other common household toxins include onions, garlic, chives, certain essential oils, many human pain medications
(ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and others), rodent poisons, insecticides, and antifreeze. Chocolate, xylitol, and some
artificial sweeteners are also risky. Always check before sharing human foods or using new chemical products in your
home.

For plants, the ASPCA Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants List for Cats is an excellent tool. More broadly, poison control
resources from veterinary and animal welfare organizations can help you quickly check the safety of foods, medicines,
and household products.

If you ever suspect your cat has eaten or been exposed to something toxic, contact your veterinarian or an animal
poison control service immediately. Do not wait for symptoms, as early treatment can be life-saving.

References:
ASPCA – Toxic & Non-Toxic Plants for Cats

ASPCA – Which Lilies Are Toxic?

ASPCA – Animal Poison Control

6. Grooming & Dental: How often should I groom my cat?

7. 
   Grooming needs vary by coat type, age, and health. Many short-haired cats groom themselves effectively and only need a
   thorough brushing about once a week to remove loose hair, reduce shedding, and help prevent hairballs. Long-haired cats,
   such as Persians or Maine Coons, often require daily or near-daily brushing to prevent painful mats and tangles.

Regular grooming is about more than appearance. It’s an opportunity to check for lumps, bumps, parasites, skin changes,
or sore spots that your cat might otherwise hide. Older or overweight cats may struggle to reach certain areas (like the
lower back and backside), so you may need to help them stay clean and comfortable.

Introduce grooming slowly and pair it with treats or play. Start with short sessions and a soft brush, and watch your
cat’s body language. If they become tense or swat, back off and go more gradually next time.

References:
ASPCA – General Cat Care (Grooming Section)

Why is dental care so important?

Dental disease is one of the most common health issues in adult cats. Plaque and tartar build up over time, leading to
gingivitis and periodontal disease, which can cause oral pain, tooth loss, and infections that may affect organs like
the heart and kidneys. Cats are experts at hiding discomfort, so you might not notice a problem until it is advanced.

Preventive dental care includes feeding appropriate diets, offering vet-approved dental treats or chews, and, ideally,
brushing your cat’s teeth with feline-safe toothpaste. Many cats can learn to accept tooth brushing if it’s introduced
gradually with lots of positive reinforcement.

Your veterinarian may recommend periodic professional dental cleanings under anesthesia to remove tartar below the gum
line and to take dental X-rays, which reveal problems not visible on the surface. Addressing dental issues early can
significantly improve your cat’s comfort and overall health.

References:
VCA – Dental Disease in Cats


Kittens: What should I know about kitten care?

Kittens are energetic, curious, and rapidly growing, which means they have special needs compared with adult cats.
They require a high-quality kitten diet that provides the extra calories, protein, and nutrients necessary for healthy
development. Most kittens eat three to four smaller meals per day until about 6 months of age, then gradually transition
to an adult feeding schedule.

Early veterinary care includes vaccines, deworming, flea and tick prevention (when appropriate for age and weight),
microchipping, and discussions about spay/neuter timing. Your vet can also talk through safe socialization, scratching
training, and play.

Socialization is crucial between roughly 2–14 weeks of age. Gentle handling, exposure to different household sounds,
positive crate or carrier training, and play with interactive toys all help your kitten grow into a confident adult.

Because kittens love to chew and explore, kitten-proofing your home is essential. Secure electrical cords, remove small
objects that could be swallowed, and be sure trash cans, toilets, and windows are safe. Providing vertical space,
scratching posts, tunnels, and interactive toys channels their energy into safe outlets.

References:
VCA – Bringing Home Your New Kitten

Cornell – Choosing and Caring for Your New Cat

8. Senior Cats: What extra care do older cats need?
   
   Senior cats (often considered 11 years and older) may look similar to younger adults, but their bodies are changing.
   Arthritis, kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, high blood pressure, dental disease, and cognitive changes become more
   common with age. Semiannual veterinary visits allow for earlier diagnosis and better management of these conditions.

At home, you can make simple changes that dramatically improve comfort. Provide low-sided litter boxes so arthritic
cats don’t have to climb high edges, add ramps or steps to favorite perches, and offer soft, supportive beds in warm,
draft-free areas. Keeping nails trimmed and fur well-groomed helps prevent matting and improves mobility.

Nutrition often needs to be adjusted in older cats. Some require more calories to maintain muscle mass, while others
with kidney or heart disease may need restricted phosphorus or sodium. Your veterinarian can recommend appropriate
diets and may suggest adding wet food or water fountains to support hydration.

Finally, don’t overlook mental and emotional well-being. Older cats still enjoy interactive play and gentle enrichment,
even if the sessions are shorter. Keeping a predictable routine with consistent feeding and play times can reduce
anxiety and confusion for aging cats.

References:
Cornell – Loving Care for Older Cats

VCA – Feeding Mature, Senior and Geriatric Cats

9. Travel & Multi-Pet Homes: How do I reduce travel stress?
   
   Most cats prefer predictable home routines, so travel can be stressful. The good news is that you can significantly
   reduce anxiety with preparation. Start by carrier training well before any trip. Leave the carrier out as a normal
   piece of furniture, line it with soft bedding that smells like home, and occasionally toss treats or toys inside so
   your cat chooses to explore it voluntarily.

For car travel, secure the carrier with a seatbelt so it doesn’t slide. Keep the car quiet and at a comfortable
temperature. Covering part of the carrier with a light blanket can help some cats feel more secure, as long as airflow
is not blocked. Avoid opening the carrier doors in unfamiliar places unless in a secure, enclosed room.

Talk to your veterinarian if your cat becomes extremely distressed when traveling. They may recommend pheromone
products, anti-nausea medications, or, in some cases, short-acting anti-anxiety medicines to make travel safer and
more comfortable. For longer trips or moves, your vet can also advise on microchipping, updated ID tags, and vaccines.

References:
ASPCA – Travel Safety Tips

What's the safest way to introduce new cats?

Successful introductions are usually slow and structured rather than “meet and hope for the best.” Begin by giving the
new cat a separate room with their own litter box, food, water, and hiding spots. Allow both cats to smell and hear
each other through the door without direct contact for several days, swapping bedding or blankets so they can exchange
scents.

Next, offer short, supervised visual introductions using barriers such as baby gates or a cracked door. Reward calm
behavior with treats and praise. Gradually increase the duration of these sessions if both cats remain relaxed. If you
see signs of fear or aggression—flattened ears, growling, lunging—pause and go back a step.

Even once they share space, maintain multiple resources throughout the home: several litter boxes, feeding stations,
scratching posts, and resting areas. This reduces competition and tension. Creating vertical space and hiding spots for
each cat helps them feel safe and in control of their environment.

References:

PetMD — How To Introduce a Kitten to a Cat

VCA Animal Hospitals — “Introducing New Adult Cats” guide Vca

Quick Resources

Cornell Feline Health Center – Feline Health Topics

Cornell – Feeding Your Cat

VCA – Preventive Health Care Guidelines for Cats

VCA – Vaccines for Cats

VCA – Dental Disease in Cats

ASPCA – General Cat Care

ASPCA – Toxic & Non-Toxic Plants (Cats)

ASPCA – Animal Poison Control Center

FDA – Pet Food Recalls & Withdrawals

CDC – Toxoplasmosis Overview

CDC – Message for Cat Owners (PDF)

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